Perimenopause
Perimenopause occurs several years before menopause when the ovaries produce less estrogen. It usually begins in a woman’s 40s, but it can occur in the 30s or earlier. Symptoms include hot flashes, breast tenderness, exacerbated PMS, decreased sex drive, fatigue, irregular periods, vaginal dryness or discomfort during sex, urine leakage when coughing or sneezing, urinary urgency, mood swings, dry skin, dry eyes, dry mouth, and sleep disturbances. Irregular periods are common and normal during this phase.
Menopause
Menopause is when the ovaries no longer release an egg every month, leading to the cessation of menstruation, marking the end of the reproductive years. It is a natural part of ageing, typically occurring after the age of 40. Most women will experience hot flashes, sudden feelings of warmth spreading over the body, ranging from mild in most women to severe in others. Symptoms include all those mentioned during perimenopause.
Post-menopause
During post-menopause, symptoms experienced in earlier stages may cease. Post-menopausal vaginal bleeding should not occur; therefore, it is important to consult Dr. Farag if detected. The reduction in estrogen associated with post-menopause affects other body systems. There may be an increased risk of heart disease, bone loss, bladder issues such as leakage or infections, reduced vaginal lubrication or atrophy, and a slower metabolic rate.